Catholicism is fundamental for the comprehension of Latin America, the region with more Catholics in the world, and considered as the “Continent of Hope” by The Church. Besides the important problems it has faced since emancipation (such as secularism and anti-clericalism) and that during recent years has mutated to other problems also very significant as the expansion of new cults and the growing social weakness of the Church, its role is still important. The area of research searches for analysis within a more comprehensive understanding of the continent, its values and challenges for the future.